What Conditions Does Neurosurgery Treat?

Brain and Neurosurgery is the medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and surgical management of diseases affecting the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which includes the body’s nerves. This field aims to preserve neurological functions and provide permanent treatment without damaging the nervous system.

Prof. Dr. Ömür Günaldı emphasizes that Brain and Neurosurgery is not only a surgical specialty but also an art of preserving neurological balance and function. Thanks to modern technologies, many brain, spinal, and nerve disorders can now be treated with low risk procedures.

Scope of Brain and Neurosurgery

This specialty mainly deals with three major areas:

Brain: Tumors, vascular occlusions, trauma, epilepsy, and hydrocephalus
Spinal Cord: Herniated discs, tumors, fractures, and deformities
Peripheral Nerves: Nerve compression in the hands and feet, nerve injuries, and facial paralysis

Prof. Dr. Ömür Günaldı states that each of these areas requires different diagnostic and treatment approaches and that neurosurgery especially requires a multidisciplinary approach.

Diseases Treated by Brain and Neurosurgery

Brain Tumors

Brain tumors are masses formed by abnormal cell growth originating in the brain or spreading from other organs. Symptoms include headache, nausea, vision loss, seizures, and balance problems.

Prof. Dr. Ömür Günaldı explains that microscopic and endoscopic surgical techniques help protect nerve tissue and allow faster recovery.

Spine and Spinal Cord Tumors

Tumors in the spine or spinal cord can compress nerves and cause pain, numbness, or paralysis. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention prevent permanent nerve damage.

Brain Aneurysm

A brain aneurysm is a ballooning of a weakened blood vessel wall in the brain. If ruptured, it can cause life threatening brain bleeding. Treatment includes surgical clipping or endovascular embolization.

Herniated Disc in the Neck and Lower Back

Disc herniation occurs when spinal discs compress nerve roots. This causes back pain, arm pain, numbness, and weakness.

Prof. Dr. Ömür Günaldı states that patients often walk the next day after microsurgical procedures.

Hydrocephalus: Hydrocephalus occurs when cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the brain, increasing pressure. Treatment involves placing a shunt to drain excess fluid.

Epilepsy: Epilepsy causes seizures due to abnormal brain electrical activity. Surgery may be required in drug resistant cases.

Brain Hemorrhage: Brain bleeding occurs due to ruptured blood vessels. Emergency surgery can be life saving.

Spinal Cord Compression: Compression of the spinal cord causes pain, numbness, and walking difficulties. Treatment involves decompression surgery.

Traumatic Brain and Spine Injuries : Accidents, falls, or sports injuries may cause fractures or brain injury. Surgery relieves pressure and repairs damage.

Neural Therapy and Pain Treatment : Neural therapy is used to treat chronic nerve related pain by regulating nerve signals.

Trigeminal Neuralgia: This condition causes severe facial pain due to nerve compression. Surgery relieves pressure on the nerve.

Pituitary Tumors: Tumors in the pituitary gland disrupt hormone balance. Endoscopic surgery through the nose is often used.

Stroke and Brain Vascular Occlusion: Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked. Early intervention can save brain tissue.

Skull Base Tumors:These tumors develop near the base of the skull and require advanced surgical techniques.

Peripheral Nerve Injuries:Nerve injuries caused by trauma may require surgical repair or nerve grafting.

Facial Paralysis: Facial nerve damage causes facial muscle weakness. Surgical repair may restore function.

Spinal Deformities: Conditions such as scoliosis and kyphosis may require surgical correction.

Brain Cysts:Fluid filled cysts in the brain may cause headaches and seizures and can be removed surgically.

Chronic Pain and Neuromodulation Surgery

Procedures such as deep brain stimulation are used to treat Parkinson’s disease and severe pain.

Prof. Dr. Ömür Günaldı highlights that neuromodulation therapies provide groundbreaking results.

Modern Technologies Used in Neurosurgery

• Neuronavigation helps locate tumors precisely
• Intraoperative MRI improves surgical accuracy
• Endoscopic systems allow minimally invasive surgery
• Robotic surgery provides high precision
• These technologies increase patient safety and improve outcomes.

Multidisciplinary Approach

Brain and Neurosurgery works closely with neurology, oncology, endocrinology, orthopedics, and rehabilitation specialists.

Prof. Dr. Ömür Günaldı states that multidisciplinary care significantly improves treatment success.

Postoperative Follow Up and Rehabilitation

Patients are monitored regularly after surgery through imaging and neurological examinations. Rehabilitation including physical therapy and psychological support is essential.

Brain and Neurosurgery is a highly specialized medical field that protects and restores nervous system health. It treats a wide range of conditions from brain tumors and herniated discs to vascular diseases and nerve injuries.

Prof. Dr. Ömür Günaldı provides safe, effective, and permanent solutions using modern surgical techniques and extensive experience.

The goal of neurosurgery is not only to eliminate disease but also to preserve neurological function and improve quality of life.